列表示一种处理有序项目的数据结构，列表与元祖的区别就是数据可变

  • 创建列表
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#创建空列表
list1 = []
list2 = list()

#创建有内容列表,列表可包含列表，元祖
list3 = ['a',3,(1,),[1,2,3,'pyhton']]
  • 列表操作
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#range函数构建数字列表，列表相加
In [14]: a
Out[14]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

In [15]: b = range(10,1,-1)

In [16]: b
Out[16]: [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

In [17]: a + b
Out[17]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

In [18]: c = a+b

In [19]: c
Out[19]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

#列表相乘
In [20]: a * 3
Out[20]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

#追加元素
In [23]: b
Out[23]: [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

In [24]: b.append([5,3,1])

In [25]: b
Out[25]: [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, [5, 3, 1]]

#删除列表
In [21]: del a

In [22]: a
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-22-60b725f10c9c> in <module>()
----> 1 a

NameError: name 'a' is not defined

#删除列表元素
In [29]: b
Out[29]: [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, [5, 3, 1]]

In [30]: b.remove(10)

In [31]: b
Out[31]: [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, [5, 3, 1]]

#查看列表中是否含有某一元素,存在返回True，不存在返回False
In [34]: a = range(1,6)

In [35]: a
Out[35]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

In [36]: 3 in a
Out[36]: True

In [37]: 3 not in a
Out[37]: False

#添对象
In [1]: a = range(1,6)

In [2]: a
Out[2]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

In [3]: a.append(range(7,10))

In [4]: a
Out[4]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, [7, 8, 9]]

#在特定位置前面添加对象
In [6]: b
Out[6]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

In [7]: b.insert(3,range(7,9))

In [8]: b
Out[8]: [1, 2, 3, [7, 8], 4, 5]

#将数据融合到列表中In [12]: a
Out[12]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

In [13]: a.extend(range(7,9))

In [14]: a
Out[14]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8]，注意与append的区别

#列表排序
In [19]: a
Out[19]: [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

In [20]: a.sort()

In [21]: a
Out[21]: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

#反向
In [23]: a
Out[23]: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

In [24]: a.reverse()

In [25]: a
Out[25]: [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

#按照索引删除元素
In [25]: a
Out[25]: [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

In [26]: a.pop(0)
Out[26]: 9

In [27]: a
Out[27]: [8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

#没有索引默认删除最后一个元素
In [28]: a
Out[28]: [8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

In [29]: a.pop()
Out[29]: 2

In [30]: a
Out[30]: [8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3]

#迭代追加元素 注意与appen和insert的区别
In [35]: a
Out[35]: [1, 2, 3]

In [36]: a.extend('abc')

In [37]: a
Out[37]: [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']